The Parisian club has now won the prestigious trophy on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match featuring the French league winners and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele found the net in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired two times late to take a shock advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the final seconds to send the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing shootout victory.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the past 13 seasons.